What is a Hard Disk?

Let's start with the definition of a hard disk. A hard disk is a hardware component that can be connected to a computer and used to store and save data loaded onto a computer. Its primary purpose is to write and read data. Thanks to their speed and storage capacity, they are essential for the functioning of a computer. In essence, a computer without a hard disk is like a car without a fuel tank. So, more important than asking what a hard disk is, is understanding how it works. Now, let's take a look at its operation.

What Does a Hard Disk Do?

If we were to define what a hard disk is in a single word, it could be summarized as one of the essential components for performing tasks and storing data on a computer. Without a hard disk to store data, you wouldn't be able to do anything. The primary functions of a hard disk are as follows:
 

Data Writing: This function allows you to save your files to a disk. To enable files to be loaded onto your computer, you need a storage unit.


Data Reading: It allows you to retrieve and use the data that has been previously written. With a fast hard disk, the computer's performance will also improve.


Data Storage: Hard disks come in various storage capacities, measured in bytes. Eight bits make one byte, and storage options increase exponentially. Some of the most common hard disk sizes are 128, 256, 512, and 1024 gigabytes (GB). 1024 GB is equivalent to 1 terabyte (TB).
 

Types of Hard Disks

There are three types of hard disks: PATA, SCSI, and SATA. The prices of hard disks vary depending on these types. PATA is the oldest type of hard disk, which results in slower write speeds. Today, SATA hard disks are predominantly used. The main difference in these hard disks, based on different principles of operation, is the maximum speed. PATA hard disks support a maximum data transfer rate of 133 MB/s, while SATA hard disks can reach a maximum speed of 600 MB/s.

Difference Between HDD and SSD

There are several differences between HDD and SSD:

-HDDs use spinning disks for data storage, whereas SSDs do not have any moving parts. This makes SSDs similar in design to USB flash drives.


-In terms of speed, SSDs are generally faster than HDDs. A computer with an HDD will run slower compared to one with an SSD.


-Data recovery from SSDs is more challenging than from HDDs.


-SSDs have a fixed capacity and can't operate beyond their specified capacity.

-HDDs consist of various mechanical parts and are more susceptible to shocks, while SSDs are more durable against physical shocks.
 

M.2 SSD vs. SATA SSD: Which Is Better for Your Computer?

Speed: M.2 SSDs are generally faster than SATA SSDs. If you use high-performance applications or frequently transfer large files, opting for an M.2 SSD may be more sensible.
 
Capacity: M.2 SSDs are typically produced in smaller sizes, while SATA SSDs can be found in larger capacities. If you need high storage capacity, SATA SSDs may be a better choice.

Price: Generally, M.2 SSDs are more expensive than SATA SSDs. If you have a limited budget, SATA SSDs might be a more economical option.

Motherboard Compatibility: M.2 SSDs are typically compatible with newer generation motherboards. If your computer's motherboard is older, SATA SSDs may be a more suitable choice.